Gaza: About 70% of people killed in the war are women and children, UN says

Nearly 70% of deaths in the Gaza war, which have been verified by the United Nations, were women and children, its Human Rights Office has said.

The UN has analysed killings in the first 11 months of the Israel-Hamas conflict in the Palestinian territory and managed to verify 8,119 victims, including 2,036 women and 3,588 children.

The 8,119 figure is considerably lower than the 43,000 deaths reported over the course of the 13-month-long war by the Hamas-run health ministry, although the UN does see these numbers as reliable.

Out of the verified deaths between 7 October 2023 and 2 September 2024, children represented almost half of the victims (44%) while women accounted for 26%.

The highest number of deaths was among children aged between five and nine years old, closely followed by those aged 10-14, and then babies aged up to and including four years old.

The youngest victim whose death was verified by the UN was a one-day-old boy, while the oldest was a 97-year-old woman.

In 88% of cases, five or more people were killed in the same attack – suggesting weapons were used across a wide area.

Newborn baby was sole survivor of rocket attack

Alistair Bunkall has spoken to a woman whose sister has died in the Israeli offensive in Gaza.

Mohammed’s mother Raghad was killed only a few hours after he was born. Because the situation was so dangerous in the northern Gaza Strip, they were transferring hospitals in an ambulance when it was hit by an Israeli strike.

The paramedics survived and tried to save her, but they were hit by a second missile.

Mohammed was found, 20 hours later, the only one still alive. Stray dogs had started to eat the remains of the dead.

He was taken to Gaza City where he is now with his father and siblings.

“Raghad’s death was incredibly painful, and it was such a shock to all of us,” said her sister Samah.

“We had been eagerly waiting for her to welcome her baby. But this was the fate that awaited us… She bled heavily as she wrapped her arms around her son, protecting him from the attack.”

“Her maternal instinct never wavered, guiding her right until the very end. That’s why Mohammed survived.”

However the report added some of the killings may have been the result of errant projectiles from Palestinian armed groups.

The UN’s report rings true with Palestinian claims that women and children represent a large proportion of those killed in the war, and it accuses Israel of “an apparent indifference to the death of civilians and the impact of the means and methods of warfare”.

‘Extremely challenging’ to verify deaths

The United Nations says Israel has denied its investigators access to Gaza, making it “extremely challenging” to verify deaths, Sky’s Ben van der Merwe writes.

The UN says that is why its figure of 8,119 verified killings (as of 2 September) is so much lower than the number presented by Gaza’s Hamas-led health ministry – 40,738, as of 30 August.

The health ministry’s figure is based on the number of bodies arriving at hospital morgues, as well as a small number of additional deaths confirmed through a judicial process. You can read our full analysis of the health ministry’s methodology here.

By contrast, the UN’s methodology says deaths can only be counted when there are at least three independent sources to corroborate it.

That is challenging in any conflict. Those challenges are magnified in a war with so many deaths to verify, no on-the-ground access for international investigators, and repeated attacks on UN workers.

The UN also says women and children make up 70% of the fatalities in its dataset. That’s significantly higher than the health ministry’s report from around the same time, which put the figure at 60% (and included elderly men).

That may be because, as the UN acknowledges, it’s easier to verify attacks on large, residential buildings with many potential witnesses living nearby – attacks which may be more likely to kill women and children.

UN human rights chief Volker Turk said in a statement: “This unprecedented level of killing and injury of civilians is a direct consequence of the failure to comply with fundamental principles of international humanitarian law.”

The Israel Defence Forces (IDF) said in response that it “works to minimise harm to non-combatants prior to attacks, especially women and children”.

“Every military action is carried out in accordance with the principles of distinction and proportionality, and is preceded by a careful assessment of the potential for civilian harm. The IDF is committed to adhering to international legal obligations and operating under the laws of armed conflict,” it said.

The Israeli military has previously said roughly one civilian has been killed for every fighter and blames this on Hamas, saying the Palestinian militant group uses civilians as human shields.

The UN report, which broadly covers the period between 1 November 2023 and 30 April 2024, said that “in most instances, the IDF did not offer substantial evidence to support their allegations [of the use of human shields], and OHCHR has not been able separately to verify them”.

Read original article here.